AES-GCM (AES in Galois/Counter Mode)

Also known as: AES Galois Counter Mode

AES-GCM (NIST SP 800-38D) is an authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) mode combining AES-CTR with a GHASH authenticator. It is the mandatory-to-implement AEAD in TLS 1.3, IKEv2/IPsec ESP, SRTP for VoLTE/VoNR media, and MACsec, offering high performance on modern CPUs when nonce uniqueness is preserved.

Categories: Security ControlsProtocols and StandardsOperations and Business

AES-GCM in context

Security controls in telecom span signaling firewalls (SS7/Diameter/GTP screening at the network edge), transport encryption (IPsec, TLS, PRINS), identity and access on OSS/BSS, and monitoring at both the packet and log level. Controls are audited against GSMA FS.11/FS.19/FS.20/FS.36 and, in Europe, NIS2 sectoral rules.

Telecom security is written into standards from 3GPP, GSMA, ETSI, IETF and ITU-T. Understanding which body owns which specification, and how the specs interlock (for example 3GPP TS 33.501 with GSMA FS.34 for 5G SBA security), is essential for both design and audit work.

To place AES-GCM in the wider telecom-security picture, review VPN, 3G, AES, 3GPP, A5/1 and Cipher Downgrade Attack.

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