Ingress

Ingress refers to traffic entering a network or system. Ingress filtering, exemplified by BCP 38 source-address validation, and by signalling-firewall category filtering on the SS7/Diameter/N32 interconnect, is one of the most effective defensive controls because it stops malicious traffic at the boundary before it can do harm.

Categories: SignalingRoaming and InterconnectSecurity Controls

Ingress in context

Signaling protocols carry the control-plane instructions that set up calls, register subscribers, hand over sessions and route SMS. SS7, Diameter, GTP-C and SIP are the four dominant families, and interconnect exposure of any of them is treated by GSMA FS.11 / FS.19 / FS.20 as a top-tier telecom risk.

Roaming and interconnect are where two operators, often with an IPX or GRX carrier in between, exchange signaling and user-plane traffic. Trust boundaries here are the primary attack surface for location tracking, SMS interception and fraud, which is why GSMA now mandates SEPP with PRINS on 5G interconnect.

To place Ingress in the wider telecom-security picture, review STP, Signaling Firewall, CAP, Diameter Interconnect Security, Firewall and Inter-PLMN Security.

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